Resume Bahasa Inggris
Naufal alif s.a 12410100094
Naufal alif s.a 12410100094
Article
Article
A, an, the (articles)
adalah kata yang digunakan untuk membatasi pengertian dari noun (kata benda).
Definite
Article
The digunakan
pada hal yang spesifik (telah jelas ataupun telah diterangkan sebelumnya)
meliputi: person(orang), thing (benda), maupun idea (pemikiran).
Kata
ini digunakan sebelum countable noun (kata benda dapat dihitung)
maupun uncountable noun (kata benda yang tidak dapat
dihitung).
Contoh
Definite:
There’s
a girl in front of the bookstore. The girl wore boots.
The place
that i just visited is cozy.
Indefinite
Articles
Kata
sandang ini digunakan pada hal yang tidak spesifik atau belum pernah
diterangkan sebelumnya, meliputi: person (orang), thing (benda),
maupun idea (pemikiran).
Contoh
Indefinite:
a man, a
book, an umbrella
He
goes to the swimming pool twice a week
Zero
Article (Tanpa a, an, the)
Zero article berarti tidak ada article (a,
an, the) yang perlu untuk digunakan terhadap suatu noun (kata
benda).
Beberapa
macam noun yang tidak atau dapat tidak menggunakan article (tanpa
a, an, the) antara lain adalah nama-nama bahasa, olahraga, academic
subject, dll.
Contoh
Zero:
Can
you speak Japanese?
The
children played football.
Beberapa noun tidak
perlu atau dapat tidak menggunakan article (tanpa a, an,
PUNCTUATIONS
The various types of punctuation in
English:
1.) Capital letters
·
All sentences begin with capital
letters. (semua kalimat selalu diawali dengan huruf
besar/kapital). Example : We enjoyed
reading the book
·
Proper nouns begin with capital
letters. (kata benda nama diri diawali huruf
besar)
Example : Mrs. Clark
asked if Amy would help.
·
A capital letter begins the first, last,
and any important word in the title of a book, magazine, song, movie, poem, or
other work. (mengawali setiap awal kata pada judul
bacaan). Example : She saw Snow White when
she was seven years old.
2.) Period or full stop [.]
·
A perod is used to end a sentence. It
shows when an idea is finished. (tanda titik
berfungsi untuk mengakhiri sebuah kalimat) Example : I read the magazine.
·
A period is used to show that a word has
been made shorter. A word that is made shorter with a period is called an
abbreviation. (mempersingkat kata), example: The
words doctor, mister, and mistress are
often made shorter when used with a name. "Dr. Smith" is the name of
a doctor whose last name is Smith, and "Mr. Benjamin" and "Mrs.
Delacross" are common ways of writing "Mister Benjamin" and
"Mistress Delacross".
3.) Commas
Commas are probably the most widely used punctuation
mark. However, they are not always used correctly. The easiest tip to figure
out when the best time to place a comma is whenever the reader should pause or
take a breath in the middle of a sentence. Anytime a coordinating conjunction
is used (and, but, yet, etc.), then a comma should also be used. Transition
words should be followed by commas. When dialogue is expressed to a particular
person or group of people, a comma should separate that object from the rest of
the sentence.
A common example is shown below.
A common example is shown below.
·
Use a comma to show a pause in a
sentence. (tanda koma berfungsi sebagai jeda dlm
sebuah kalimat). Example : Therefore, we should write a
letter to our principal.
·
Use a comma with quotation marks to show what
someone has said directly. (gunakan koma dengan tanda kutip
untuk menunjukkan apa seseorang mengatakan secara langsung).
Example : "I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
·
Use a commas for listing three or more
different things. (Gunakan koma untuk menulis
daftar tiga atau lebih hal yang berbeda).
Example : Ontario, Quebec, and B.C. are the three biggest provinces
·
Use a commas around relative clauses
that add extra information to a sentence.(koma digunakan
pada sekitar klausa relatif yang menambahkan
informasi tambahan untukkalimat). Example : Emily
Carr, who was born in 1871, was a great painter.
4.) Question
mark [?]
Question marks are used when writing a
question, to make an inquiry, or to ask something. (Tanda
tanya digunakan ketika menulis sebuah pertanyaan, untuk
(Tanda
tanya digunakan ketika menulis sebuah pertanyaan, untuk
membuatpenyelidikan, atau untuk menanyakan sesuatu).
For example: "Hallie, have you done your homework?"
5.) Exclamation mark [!]
·
An exclamation mark is used write about
a strong emotion, or to write the words a person shouted. It
can be used to make a statement stronger or more forceful. Example : The
building is on fire!
·
An exclamation mark can be used with a
question mark, to make a question more forceful.
Example : ”'What
did you do that for?!' she said angrily."
6.) Colon [:]
·
Use a colon to introduce a list of
things. (Gunakan tanda titik
dua untukmemperkenalkan daftar hal-hal). Example : There
are three positions in hockey: goalie, defences, and forward.
7) Semicolon
[;]
·
A semicolon is used to connect two
sentences, in one sentence, where a comma could also be used. (titik
koma digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua kalimat, dalam satu kalimat, di
mana koma juga dapat digunakan).Example : I
could tell that it was getting late; it was growing darker by the second
·
Use a semicolon in lists that already
have commas.
(Gunakan titik koma dalam daftar yang sudah memiliki tanda koma). Example :
The three most beautiful beaches in Jogjakarta are Baron; Kukup; and Goa cemara beach.Example : The three most beautiful beaches in Jogjakarta are Baron; Kukup; and Goa cemara beach.
(Gunakan titik koma dalam daftar yang sudah memiliki tanda koma). Example :
The three most beautiful beaches in Jogjakarta are Baron; Kukup; and Goa cemara beach.Example : The three most beautiful beaches in Jogjakarta are Baron; Kukup; and Goa cemara beach.
8) Apostrophe [']
ApostrophesApostrophes are
perhaps the most confusing of all punctuation marks. They have a number of
uses: Showing possession Singular Plural Joint Indicating omissions Forming
some plurals Some of the uses seem contradictory; that’s why they are confusing
·
Use an apostrophe to show ownership of
something.
(tanda kutip digunakan untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan dari sesuatu)
Example : 1.This is David's computer, 2.These are the player's things. (things that belong to the player)
(tanda kutip digunakan untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan dari sesuatu)
Example : 1.This is David's computer, 2.These are the player's things. (things that belong to the player)
Subject + verb + Agreement
1.
Singular subject – singular verb
Yang dimaksud dengan
singular subject adalah subject pronoun he, she, dan it, atau nouns yang dapat digantikan dengan he, she atau it; Sedangkan yang dimaksud dengan singular verbs
adalah verb1+es/s,is/was, serta verb phrase seperti: is/was + verb-ing/verb3, has +verb3, has been verb-ing dan has been verb3.
2.
Plural subject – plural verb
Yang dimaksud dengan plural subject adalah
subject pronouns seperti I, we, you, they, dan
semua plural nouns. Sedangkan yang dimaksud dengan plural verbs adalah verbs
dan verb phrase selain singular verbs di atas
A. Subject – verb agreement ketika dipisahkan oleh prepositional
phrase
Jika antara subject dengan verb dipisahkan oleh prepositional phrase(2
atau lebih kata yang diawali oleh preposition), prepositional phraseini tidak
berpengaruh terhadap verb. Yang perlu diperhatikan adalah apa subject
kalimatnya. Jika subject-nya singular maka verb-nya juga harus singular,
sedangkan jika subject-nya plural maka verb-nya juga harus plural
|
Singular
subject + (prepositional phrase) + singular verb |
|
Plural
subject + (prepositional phrase) + plural verb |
Contoh :
1. The study of
languages is very interesting. (singular subject)
(Mempelajari bahasa sangat menarik)
2. Several theories on
this subject have been debated. (plural
subject) (Beberapa teori tentang subyek ini telah diperdebatkan).
3. The view of these disciplines varies from time to time. (singular subject)
(Kajian tentang disiplin ilmu ini berubah-ubah dari waktu ke waktu)
4. The danger of forest fires is not to be taken seriously. (singular
subject) (Bahaya kebakaran hutan tidak ditangani secara serius)
5. The effects of that crime are likely to be devastating. (plural
subject) (Pengaruh kejahatan mungkin menghawatirkan)
6. The fear of rape and robbery has caused many people to flee the cities.
(singular subject). (Ketakutan terhadap pemerkosaan dan perampokan telah
menyebabkan banyak orang meninggalkan kota-kota besar).
7. The boys in the room are studying (plural
subject). (Anak-anak di dalam kamar sedang belajar).
B. Subject – verb agreement ketika dipisahkan oleh together with,
along with, as well as
Selain prepositional phrase
di atas, ekspresi-ekspresi seperti together with, along with, accompanied by, dan as
well as, juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap verb.
|
together
with |
(bersama-sama
dengan) |
Contoh :
1. The actress, along
with her manager
and some friends, is going to a party
tonight. (Artis itu, bersama-sama dengan manager dan beberapa temannya, akan
pergi ke pesta malam ini).
2. Mr. Julianto, accompanied by his
wife and children, is arriving tonight.
(Pak Julianto, ditemani oleh istri dan anak-anaknya, akan tiba malam ini).
3. My wife as well as I is a volleyball player. (Istri saya
begitu juga saya adalah seorang pemain bola volley).
Penggunaan together
with, along with, accompanied by, dan as
well as, dalam pola seperti ini hanya menambahkan informasi
tambahan. Jika ekspresi tersebut dihilangkan, makna inti dari kalimat tersebut
tidak berubah, yaitu
1. The actress is going to
a party tonight.
2. Mr. Julianto is arriving tonight.
3. My wife is a
volleyball player.
Sebaliknya, jika conjunction
‘and‘ digunakan untuk menggantikan
ekspresi-ekspresi di atas, maka verb-nya berubah menjadi plural.
contoh:
1. The actress and her manager are
going to a party
tonight.
2. Mr. Julinto and his wife and children are
arriving tonight.
My wife and I are volleyball
players. (Istri saya
dan saya adalah pemain-pemain bola volley).
Kata penghubung (Conjunctions)
Conjunctions are words that join words or groups of words.
there are two main types of conjunctions.they are Coordinating conjunctions and Subordinating conjunctions.
Coordinating conjunctions include : and, or, but, so.These conjunctions connect words, phrases, and clauses of equal value.Clauses of equal value are called independent clauses and can stand on their own as separate sentences.
example : 1. John is installing the program and I am checking the malfunction .
2. You can set form properties either by writing code or by using the properties window
while : 1. While is coordinating conjunction when its meaning is during the time that
throughout the time that.
Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses. dependent clauses cannot stand alone as a single sentence.In fact, the clauses is dependent clauses on the rest of the sentence for its meaning.
example : since the program is difficult, every body must take it in the third semester.("since the program is difficult" doesn't make sense by it self.It is dependent on the rest of the sentence for its meaning.)
Most comonly used subordinating conjuntions include : although.because,as,whileuntil,whether,since,after ,so that,when,before,if.
Phrase
Phrase adalah sekelompok kata yang mempunyai makna namun belum sempurna (tidak
seperti kalimat) karena tidak adanya subject dan verb. Ada beberapa macam
phrase,
Yaitu ;
·
Noun Phrase,
adalah phrase yang intinya ada pada kata benda. Bisa berupa adjective + noun,
atau juga bisa berupa noun+noun
·
Adverb Phrase, adalah phrase yang intinya ada pada adverb. bisa berupa
adverb + adverb
·
Adjective Phrase, adalah
phrase yang intinya ada pada adjective. bisa berupa adverb + adjective
·
Verb Phrase, adalah Phrase yang intinya ada pada verb. Biasanya
berupa bentuk verb yang berbeda, verb auxiliary dan verb ordinary
·
Prepositional
Phrase, adalah phrase yang biasanya memiliki ciri terdapat preposition
Sumber :http://santyintan.blogspot.com/2011/12/contoh-paper-punctuations-in-english.html
http://swarabhaskara.com/parts-of-speech/subject-verb-agreement-part-1/
http://belajarbahasainggris.com
English II reading text book STIKOM
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